Which of the following can trigger or exacerbate anxiety symptoms?

Substance abuse is known to trigger or exacerbate anxiety symptoms due to its direct impact on brain chemistry and functioning. Many substances, including alcohol, caffeine, nicotine, and various drugs, can alter mood and anxiety levels. Substance abuse can lead to increased feelings of anxiety or panic, as the body reacts to the chemical effects and withdrawal symptoms. Additionally, reliance on substances for coping can create a cycle where anxiety becomes more pronounced in the absence of these substances, further contributing to the problem.

In contrast, consistent exercise and a healthy diet are typically associated with reduced anxiety levels, as both promote physical health and improve overall mood through the release of endorphins. Social support also serves as a buffer against anxiety by providing emotional resources and a sense of belonging, helping individuals cope more effectively with stressors. These factors contribute positively to mental well-being, highlighting how they stand in contrast to the negative effects of substance abuse on anxiety.