Which behavioral manifestations should a nurse expect to observe in a client with long-term Alzheimer's disease?

In the context of long-term Alzheimer's disease, apraxia is a common behavioral manifestation that nurses should expect to observe. Apraxia refers to the impairment of the ability to carry out purposeful movements and actions despite having the physical capability and desire to perform them. Individuals with Alzheimer's may struggle with tasks that require motor planning or coordination, such as dressing themselves or using utensils, even if they have previously been able to perform these actions without difficulty.

Understanding apraxia is critical as it directly impacts the individual's ability to perform daily activities and can contribute to frustration and decreased quality of life. It is a hallmark symptom that signifies progression in the cognitive decline typically seen in Alzheimer's disease, making it important for caregivers to recognize and address.

The other terms relate to different cognitive and communication challenges associated with Alzheimer's disease. Aphasia involves difficulties with language and communication, which may appear in patients but is not the primary manifestation observed in the latter stages compared to apraxia. Agnosia refers to the inability to recognize and interpret sensory stimuli, which can occur but is not as closely associated with the overall motor function impairments that apraxia encompasses. Hyperorality is characterized by an increased tendency to chew, taste, or put things in the mouth, which is a